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There is a widespread misunderstanding by many women, and surprisingly also by many men that boys and men only have sexual feelings in their penis, or even only in their penis head. The reason why many men also carry this misconception is probably that boys often are educated to suppress corporeal sensations and to be hard. Many erogenous zones in men and boys are best activated when the body is relaxed, and the zones are stimulated in a gentle manner. Gentle stimulation of these zones in a relaxed state can give feelings of pleasure as strong as those in the penis, and can even result in some types of strong orgasmic reactions. Here is a survey of various erotic zones in the male body, and how to stimulate the sensations in these zones. You can stimulate yourself at these zones when masturbating, or the your female or gay partner can do the stimulation work. THE SCROTUM AND THE TESTICLES The scrotal skin and the content of the scrotum, including the testicles, are sensitive to erotic stimulation. When stimulating these genital parts, take first hold of the scrotum with your whole hand, warming it inside your hand, and massaging it gently by gripping movements. Warming and handling the scrotum gives feelings in the whole genital region. Stimulation of the scrotum also increases the blood circulation and engorgement of all the genital organs around the scrotum. The testicles are best stimulated by gentle rolling movements with your fingers. Also tickle the scrotal skin with your finger tips. A part of the penis is actually hidden partly inside and partly behind the scrotal sack, by palpating with your finger tips between the testicles or at the side under the scrotum; you can massage this part of the penis. A sharp massage with your finger tips gives the most intense sensations to this hidden root of the penis. THE BREAST NIPPLES AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS The nipples of a man are important erogenous zones, and a man has tits just as a woman, although the tits of a man are smaller and flatter that those of a woman. Actually a man has all the structures that a woman has in his breasts, but they are not developed to have a milk producing capacity. This means that a man’s breasts have the same erotic capacity as the tits of woman. A man's nipples also have an erective capacity. They rise and get hard upon stimulation. When stimulating a man’s breasts, take hold of the breast with your whole hand, warming it inside your hand, and massaging it gently by gripping movements. To stimulate the nipples, massage gently around the nipples with a finger tip. Also squeeze the nipples with your fingers, varying the intensity from the very gentle nip to some harder pressure. THE REGION BETWEEN THE PENIS AND THE ANUS The visible penis is actually a part of a larger body beginning at the prostate region just in front of the anus, and reaches to the tip of the penis. The urethra also goes through this structure. The parts between your legs will engorge when you are sexually exited just as the penis, and when it engorges, the region bulges out between the legs. Upon mechanical stimulation, this area gives intense pleasurable feelings. You can stimulate this area by squeezing it between your fingers, pressing down against the urethra or massaging up and down along the urethra. You should change between gentle and a little harder handling, as these two manners give rise to different types of feelings. THE NAVEL AND THE BLADDER REGION The navel is an erotic point, and so are the structures in the middle of the belly between the navel and the penis. This structure contains a groove between the belly muscles. The structures in this groove are very sensuous, the so called linea alba. The naval can be stimulated by sticking a finger into it, and by tickling with your finger deep down in the navel. Also here you should alternate between light, gentle, slow tickling, and harder sharper tickling. This stimulation give sensations that radiate out form the navel to the surroundings, and spreads downwards to the tip of your penis, giving a very funny feeling in your penis. The groove between the navel and the penis, you can stimulate by massaging up and down with the tip of your fingers. THE BUTTOCKS AND ANAL SURROUNDINGS The inner sides of the buttocks in the natal cleft give rise to deep erotic feelings with a very special intimate valor. Move your fingers up and down between the buttocks from the spine to the opposite end between the legs, and gently massage the inner side of each buttock with your finger tips. You can also concentrate your attention to the region deep inside the cleft very near the anus and tickle these most intimate points with your finger tips. Further you can stretch each buttock to the side so that the butt cleft opens, and the rectal opening is also stretched. The result of these manipulations is erotic sensations that radiate to the whole pelvic area, flow deep inside you and rise upwards along your spine. THE ANUS AND THE OUTER RECTUM The anal region is in many ways the real central of feelings in a man or boy. By stimulating this area in the proper ways, you can create a process that spread waves of intense feelings of joy, pleasure and ecstasy up through the whole body, partly forward to the genitals and belly region, and partly along the spine up to the neck. You best stimulate the rectal opening by very gentle circulatory movements with your finger tips. Alternate between these circulatory movements and the stimulation of the insides of the buttocks. You can also stick a smeared finger into the anal opening and stimulate by gentle movements in and out. By sticking your finger further inside, you can gently massage the inside walls of the anus. By adding some pressure, your stimulation reaches deep into the tissue around the rectum. All these stimulation give rise to profound feelings radiating to the whole body. THE DEEP PART OF THE RECTUM The perhaps most intimate and sensitive zone of a man, is the deep part of the rectum. This zone can be reached by gay intercourse or with a dildo or some other long object. When inserting something in the anus to stimulate this zone, it is necessary to be very cautious so that the intestinal walls are not hurt. However, this zone is so sensitive that even the gentlest stimulation gives an immense depth of feelings, both of physical and psychological kind. You can stimulate this zone by gently and gradually by inserting a thin smeared dildo, and when fully inserted, very gently move it a little in and out, a little around, or press gently to different sides with the dildo. The more you relax, and the longer you do this stimulation, the deeper and more intense will the feelings grow. THE PROSTATE: The prostate lies just in front of the anus and the urethra goes through it. This gland produces much of the viscous fluid in the semen. You can stimulate it from the outside by pressing somewhat firmly with your fingers inward just in front of the anus. There is a deepening in this area, just like a little vagina. Press your finger into this groove and a little forward. You can also stimulate the prostate by inserting your finger into the anus and massage the prostate through the front wall of the anus. The massage releases prostate fluid. Feeling the fluid coming through your urethra and dripping out through you pee-hole, add to the physical excitement. Also the prostate have its own sexual feelings, and prostate massage combined with anal stimulation can induce a form of orgasm that has a much deeper psychological and ecstatic impact than ordinary penile orgasm. best penis enlarement medical penis elargement best enlargment exercise penis cheap penis enlargement pills cheap vigrx pills male penis enhancement pennis enlargement video natural pnis enlargement and lengthening

natural penis enlargment technique

Genital warts are caused by the human papilloma virus or also known as HPV. It is the most commonly sexually transmitted disease in the United States. There are certain forms of the disease that are associated with cervical cancer and other genital cancers. There are many people who are forced to deal with this terrible and annoying problem. There are about fifty million people that have become infected each year. There are also studies that have shown the levels of HPV infection in women are high and even higher in the young women. There are many young people being infected with genital warts due to the fact that safe sex is not in place. Many young people could avoid having to deal with the disease if there were to use protection when they have intercourse. A condom is good way to prevent this from happening to most people. There are a lot of college students that are finding genital warts to be a nuisance for them. There is an average of fourteen percent of college students that become infected with HPV each year. Both males and females can get genital warts. There is no one person that has immunity from this disease. Anyone of any gender or age can be infected. On men, the warts will grow on the tip of the penis or at the opening of the anus. For women, the warts can be on an around the vagina and anus as well. If someone has oral sex with anyone that has genital warts, they may grow on their mouth also. It is serious disease, but not one that is potentially fatal. It is also important to seek medical attention for it as well. You will need to have medicine for the warts so that you do not have to life with them. Although you get cream or ointment for the problem, you will still carry the virus in your skin. This means that you are going to be susceptible to the virus and it can break out on your body at any time. Stress is related to the outbreak of genital warts too. When you have the virus, it is said that having a lot of stress upon you is a good factor for making the warts appear. It is something that cannot be controlled and all you can do is follow the doctor’s orders and keep having protected sex with a condom. Stress will weaken the immune system and it is important to also know that you may have the warts without even knowing it. You may have slight bumps that will feel like small pimples to the touch. In some cases, people do not have any actual warts at all that peak out from the skin. penile enlargement system penis enlargment review best penis enlagement magna rx picture testimonials pennis enlargement technique penis enlargment testimonials penile enlargment picture penile girth enlargement natural penis enlargment technique

Question: Dr. Vaknin – is it true that you are the father of the Law of Free Economic Zones? Answer: I participated in the dedicated and professional team, from many ministries and state organs, which prepared the law. The initiative – in collaboration with the delegation of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) – belongs to Dr. Milijana Danevska, the Minister of Development. Most of the work was done by her advisor, Ms. Zorica Doncevska long before I arrived on the scene. I did suggest a few amendments, some of which were accepted. Question: What is a free zone? Answer: There is an important distinction which the media is not aware of between FREE ZONES and FREE ZONE SITES. To quote from the law: "A free zone site represents a detached, enclosed and marked area of the territory of the Republic of Macedonia on which commercial activities are conducted under conditions prescribed by this and other laws and on which custom and other tax incentives determined by this law shall be applicable." "A Free Zone shall be established as trade associations conducting economic, technical, administrative, expert and other activities supporting the operations in the free zone sites." Question: Do other countries have free zones? Answer: Dozens of other countries have free trade zones, free industrial zones, free industrial or technology parks, customs free zones, free transhipment zones and many other types of free economic zones. Our law allows for all these types of activities to exist. It is very broad and flexible and one of the best and most complete laws I have seen. As opposed to popular opinion, free zones exist even in rich countries such as the United Kingdom or the USA (although they are not called "free zones" there). It is true, though, that to poor and middle income countries, such as Macedonia, a free zone can be an important tool for economic development. Question: Why do you use such cautious language, "can be"? Answer: Because it is never enough to have a law. What matters is how it is implemented. There are free zones in countries as diverse as the Philippines, Tunisia, Costa Rica and Taiwan. In some places they are the engine of the economic locomotive, in other they are a drag on the local economy. Question: So, the critics are right, free zones can be a bad thing? Answer: The critics are wrong. Anything that has the potential of generating investments, encouraging entrepreneurship, creating new working places, enhancing exports and improving the balance of payments – should be implemented without delay. Free zones are potentially powerful economic engines of exports and growth and employment. Would it have been wise of us to ignore their potential? Question: Can't free zones be used as tax havens, for smuggling or other criminal activities? Answer: If the free zones are run by criminals AND (this is a cumulative condition) the authorities are inefficient or corrupt – of course it can. But our law is very strict on WHO will own and run the free zones. It is also very explicit about the precise functions and procedures to be performed by the authorities intended to ensure that the free zones are not abused. Free zones will be established only where and when they can increase employment, bring new technology and know how to the country and increase exports. An average of 65% of the goods and services produced in the zones MUST be exported or the developer might lose its licence. Additionally the law says that the businesses operating in the zone must use local manpower and prefer domestic suppliers where economically feasible. Question: What is the Free Zones Directorate? Answer: This is my favourite part of the law, the one I am most proud of. We introduced, for the first time in Macedonia, not only in theory, but in practice, the concept of "One Stop Shop". All the business entities in the free zone will have one address to go to. They will no longer have to run for weeks between ministries, authorities, agencies and state organs. They will get everything they need from one central authority, from one address. All the relevant ministries and state organs will be represented there, with full authority to render all the services required by the free zones users. This is unprecedented. The ministers are worthy of the highest praise for being willing to participate in such an innovative approach. The law says: "The Free Zone Directorate shall be responsible for… granting approvals of requests of developers for the establishment of free zones; provision of supervision and management of free zone sites through its branches; coordination of the activities of state organs and authorities and public enterprises within the free zone sites; planning and developing free zone sites and making sites available to developers; public relations, advertising and promotion of free zone sites; attracting developers and users to the free zone sites; registration of businesses and structures within the free zone sites; coordination of issuance of licenses, permits and approvals where and as needed, of product quality control and the issuance of certificates of origin by the members of the Directorate; Inspection of installations and working conditions within the free zone sites; convening a labour relations committee in which all labour disputes between employees and employers in the free zone sites are to be settled; the coordination of the issuance of export and import licenses; coordination of the prevention of smuggling; coordination of the safety and security of people and property in the free zones sites; Provision and maintenance of all public goods and utilities … conducting other activities associated with the functioning of free zone sites and especially the implementation of the "one stop shop" concept of management of the free zone sites; raising the required start-up capital." Question: So, from now on, any trade association can open a free zone? Answer: Absolutely not. The developer must satisfy very strict and rigorous criteria to qualify. The law demands that it "…provide written proof of their financial ability matching their financial obligations under this Law either in the form of a performance bond or a bank document substantiating the availability of unencumbered funds in their account or audited financial statements" and "demonstrate previous experience and track record in trading or in the operating of free zone sites". The developers, in their application, must provide an environmental impact assessment, a marketing plan and a business plan or a feasibility study. And the developer loses his approval if it enters bankruptcy procedures, if it is proven that he provided false material information in his request, If he failed to build and operate the free zone site in accordance with the stipulations of this Law or failed to submit one annual report. Additionally, the developer pays 0.3% of the total turnover of the business entities in his zones. I think these are relatively reasonable terms. It will also not be that easy for the developer to do in the zone something other than what he undertook to do. Almost every substantial change requires a new approval. The law states: "Each change of a free zone shall be subject to the procedure for the establishment of a free zone … "Change" in this law shall mean: enlargement of the approved free zone site area; change in location of the free zone site; new activities are to be conducted in the approved free zone; each change in the composition of the developers (addition of new developer, change of corporate structure, take over, merger, acquisition, etc.) of the free zone; change of the period for existence of the free zone. Question: Still, inside the zone – the developer is king. Actually, it is a kind of ex-territorial area, like an embassy? Answer: I want to say it once and for all (because I heard this argument before): A free zone is NOT an ex-territorial area. It is an integral and inseparable part of Macedonia. All the domestic laws of Macedonia apply there. It simply has different rates of customs and taxes. The over-riding status of the Macedonian domestic law is stated numerous times throughout the law. One example: Article 20 says: "Free zone developers shall enact rules or pose conditions (hereunder referred to as "developer rules") under which their free zone site will be operated and activities conducted, regulate internal order and prescribe separate measures for protection of the working and living conditions and the environment. BUT… The developer rules shall not contradict all the applicable laws of the Republic of Macedonia, including their by-laws and regulations and all the international obligations of the Republic of Macedonia…. AND The developer rules shall be announced in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia after the approval given by the Free zone Directorate." Question: Aren't we offering too much by way of tax incentives? Aren't the revenues lost by the state worth more than the free zone will ever generate? Answer: It is a very narrow point of view. Tax revenues are not the only thing we should consider. What about unemployment, technology transfers, export enhancement? These are invaluable in that they can revive the economy. Compared to other free zones in other countries, we are offering mid-way concessions. We are by no means too generous. Additionally, to qualify to receive the tax incentives, the user must satisfy certain annual export quotas. It must prove that it generated NEW activities, not merely transferred activities from "mainland" Macedonia to the free zone "island". It must show that it is not involved in criminal activities or bankruptcy procedures and so on. Only then is it eligible to enjoy the tax incentives. Question: Which are? Answer: The law says it best: "Free zone users meeting the terms as in article 21 of this law shall be exempted from: Sales tax on products within the free zone site except for those products sold for final consumption within the free zone; Sales tax and VAT on goods imported into the free zone site for production purposes and for performing other approved activities in the free zone; Sales tax on services provided in the free zone immediately linked with export of goods and services; Profit tax for a period of ten (10) years from the day of commencement of activities in the free zone; Property tax for a period of ten (10) years from the day of commencement of activities in the free zone; All taxes otherwise applicable to any transfer of property or rights thereof between developers and users within the free zone. Free zone users reinvesting in the capital assets of the free zone site shall be entitled to a reduced profit tax base for the amounts invested after the expiration of the 10-year period. Free zone users shall be exempted from paying participations (contributions), taxes and other duties pertaining to use of land for construction, connection to the water supply, sewerage, heating, gas and power supply networks. Free zone land may be leased to foreign investors for a period of fifty (50) years, with a possibility to extend the term to another twenty-five (25) years, pursuant to the law. The developers of the free zone shall have the full right to sublet or rent parts of the free zones or structures thereon or rights thereof to the users." Question: Are the economic activities within the free zone restricted? Answer: Every type of economic activity is allowed EXCEPT the activities explicitly forbidden by the law. These include: the trading of decayed, rotten, expired or infected goods or waste material detrimental to the environment or not fit for human or animal consumption; radioactive materials except those which are needed for industrial, medical and scientific research purposes under a valid license from the competent authorities; drugs, chemicals and biological materials and chemical and biochemical derivatives with the exception of those used in industrial, manufacturing, medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations, according to certificates issued by the Ministry of Health; arms, munitions, weapons and military explosives; goods or services which originate from countries or firms subject to boycotts, embargoes or blockades imposed by the competent national and international organs and authorities; goods or services that violate public morals, public defence, public safety and the security of the state; goods or services that violate the domestic laws and international treaties pertaining to intellectual and commercial property; practices, services and activities in contravention or violation of treaties, laws, regulations and directives regarding the protection of the environment in Macedonia. Free zone users may apply standards, technical and quality norms of the destination country when manufacturing goods in the free zone intended for export. Free zone users may set prices for their goods and services and will not be subject to laws and regulations pertaining to prices in the Republic of Macedonia. Question: Will workers' rights be protected in such an environment? Answer: Workers' rights are protected only by a good economy. In Macedonia, we have a lot of theoretical workers' rights. But the right to work is violated by mass unemployment and by gigantic wage and pension arrears. All the employers in the free zone shall sign a collective agreement with their employees. The collective agreement will oblige the employers and the employees to settle labour dispute through arbitration or mediation. The Directorate shall set up a labour relations committee to provide the employers and the employees with an arbitration and mediation mechanism. Question: Thank you very much. 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Having difficulty to satisfy your cohort’s sexual desires due to erectile dysfunction? Erectile dysfunction can have a root cause in either physical or psychological factors, or even both. Erectile dysfunction in simple terms means the repeated inability of a man to achieve or sustain an erection for the completion of a sexual intercourse. Apart from creating stress and anxiety, dysfunctional erectile can ruin your personal relationships too. Don’t miss any opportunity to express your most intimate feelings with Levitra oral medication. Levitra in plain vocabulary can be understood as an erectile dysfunction drug which can help men accomplish the spur within them. It is a FDA endorsed prescription medication, which further establishes it reliability. Usage of internet has bestowed us with a gamut of advantages. You can now shop for Levitra online through various online pharmacies, which can enable to have your order delivered at your doorstep. Generic Levitra are also available in the pharmaceutical market which are cheaper than the original drug, Levitra. Guess what more can you get? You can also get access to online Levitra prescriptions. The best part of these online prescriptions is that these are free-of-charge. In fact, it can save you from running around to doctors’ clinic for procuring a prescription and not to forget its cost-effectiveness. Levitra works by inhibiting the PDE-5 enzymes, which regulate the blood flow into the penis. Due to this reason, it is also referred to as PDE-5 inhibitor. Levitra primarily relaxes the smooth muscles of the penis and enhances the blood flow into the penis. This as a result sources an erection. Levitra does not cause an erection solely, and requires a sexual stimulus to achieve an erection. It releases its effect within 25-60 minutes after its consumption. Levitra tablets are available in the strength of 5mg, 10mg and 20mg. The dosage of Levitra varies from individual to individual, as it is determined by your health status. Consume Levitra as per your doctors’ directions to avert any medical mishaps. Intake of Levitra can be achieved with or without meals. It does not protect you against sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV. In order to safeguard yourself and your partner against sexually transmitted diseases, ensure adequate precautionary measures. Levitra is solely formulated for usage by men. Consumption of Levitra by women is not recommended as the effect upon women has not yet been studied. Usage of nitrates or alpha-blockers should be abstained from, along with Levitra medication. Make your doctor aware of any medical problems you may possess, before embarking upon Levitra medication such as nausea, dizziness, angina, heart attack, irregular heart beats, low or high blood pressure amid others. This approach can help the doctor to decide the suitable dosage in accordance to your health status. Explore the passion within you through easy online Levitra prescriptions, just at a click of a button. penile enlargment pump truth about penile enlargement vimax medical penis enlargement truth about penis enlagement pills homemade penile enlargement free penile enlargement technique penile enlargment device penis enlargment excersizes natural penis enlargment technique

Textured technologies have their presence in everyday products, from steel body panels and bearings to book covers and quilted toilet paper. The desired surface texture can be achieved by a number of processes but each has disadvantages, limiting extensive introduction. Enduring crimps, coils, loops or other fine distortions along the lengths of the filaments are presented by a textured yarn, a constant filament yarn that has been treated. Heat setting in a twisted condition can texture the yarns manufactured from thermoplastic materials, while nonthermoplastic yarns can be textured by "air jet texturing" or "air texturing", wherein a forceful air flow is used to shape knotted loops in the filaments. The outcome will be a yarn with greater bulk, higher stretch and more beautiful properties. With the use of compressed air, air textured yarns are manufactured from thermoplastic, cellulosic or non-organic filament yarns. Air textured yarns are supplied a huge quality with loops created on the surface of the filament yarn. The loop arrangement, which relies on the material used, ends in a yarn with features like those of typical staple-fibre yarn. The manufactured yarns are used for sewing thread applications, apparel fabrics, fancy yarn articles, automotive interior fittings, and home furnishing fabrics, carpets, fire blankets and a variety of other applications. Let us now discuss major techniques used in texturing. . False-twist texturing . Texturing by a cold air-jet . Texturing by a hot air-jet and a stuffer box . Other marginal techniques. Most textured yarns are false twist textured. Following write-up will tell about false twisting and the reason why it has been such an incredible success. First it will deal with the real twist texturing and then concludes with a note of speeds that can be reached using false twist texturing. S and Z twist are different altogether S and Z twist means real twist in the yarn and they are poles apart from each other; at the same time there is little difference between them. One yarn has been twisted into the opposite direction of the other yarn. Essentially, one yarn reflects what other possesses. Since S-twisted yarn will look in a fabric unlike a Z-twisted yarn, this difference is very important. The "Real Twist" texturing principle Thermo structure of real twisted yarn is allowed by the thermoplastic properties of synthetic yarn. Back-twisting of this yarn creates twistless yarn, in which the helix formation of the previously resulted in a twistless yarn was still visible. It is a remarkable development that the clear crimps of genuine wool or cotton in each individual filament give this yarn a look of natural fibres. Stufferbox crimps the filaments and then cuts them into staple length and spins them on a traditional machine into a spun yarn, a procedure enabling a filament yarn to look like a spun yarn. This process saves the time spent after spinning filaments endlessly. The production steps are as follows: Twisting on (two for one) twisters Autoclave steam stetting Back twisting Cone winding The False-Twist texturing Just imagine that an elastic band is held between two clamps and then twist this band by turning it in the centre. You can notice real twist on left and right side. But each side is twisted into the opposite direction. One side is S, the other side is Z-twisted. Both sides have equal number of twists. All the twist will vanish on releasing the twisting point. This was 'false twist created by you. False twist principle is being applied by all contemporary texturing machines. Dynamics of false twisting Imagine a drawing with the yarn twisted into two twisted directions and try to visualize the yarn to be endless. Replace the fixed clamps with feed rolls. When the yarn is moved from left to right with the peg in the twisted yarn bundle, the twist on the right side would be moved and then would fade away but the left side would continue to be twisted. All false twist-texturing machines are based on this effect. A peg generates a definite twist stop, and therefore friction disks are better options, which execute the same and have the benefit of rotating the yarn. When the procedure is begun, the twisted yarn on the right side is removed to rubbish but the twist on the left hand side continues. If the yarn breaks, the twisted yarn on the left hand side also goes to trash. If the twist were counted in both wasted ends, it would be accurately the same but in the opposite twist direction. Miles of superior quality textured yarn is manufactured between the two waste ends. Reason behind the success of false twisting Real twist texturing was very time-consuming and laborious. With the launch of false twisting, the process speeds of twist texturing accelerated from a few meters per minute to production speeds of more than 1000 m/min. Bulked Continuous Filament Unbroken threads of nylon are created into yarn. These threads are texturised to enhance their bulk and to modify from straight into twisted or bent fibre. Twist You can make the carpet pile more flexible by winding each carpet fibre around itself. The carpet resistance against crushing, matting and changing of texture is in proportion to the tightness of twist. Heat Setting To process the fibre with heat, it is locked in the twist after it is twisted. The procedure will create carpet fibres, which cannot be disentangled or squeezed under heavy foot fabric. Tufting After getting fed through needles, the heat-set fibre is stitched or tufted into the primary carpet backing. Amount of yarn used and closeness of the tufts to one another determine the density of carpet. Dyeing The tufted carpet is soaked in liquid dye then processed with a fixation solution and dried. Here the needs on air interlacing depend on the technique of process. The 1-stage process, which is also called On-Line-Process and interlaces mono, duo, or tri-colour yarns, demands 30 to 40 hard knots per meter. These yarns are used directly in tufting. The 2-stage procedure, which is also called as Off-Line-Process, necessitates 15 to 25 soft knots for further processing in Heat Setting, Co-Mingling or Tufting. Air-Texturing This machine contains supply yarn creel, an appropriate winding head fixed with yarn transport together with an additional pair of feed rolls and an air jet interjected. Air texturing machines have two conventional categories: Machines with individual drives and Machines with headstock having motors, drives and shafts at each place. Since the machines are capable of treating large number of yarns and the each machine position can be fixed to manufacture a different yarn, machines with individual drives have become the standard in modern air jet technology. Aside from the few advances in winding technology used in air-texturing machinery and the technique of water application, the progress of air-texturing over the years has been relied on the growth of air-jet nozzle technology. Newer nozzles have led to the processing of a wider range of yarns at greater processing speeds, lower energy consumptions and lower noise levels. Fibreguide Ltd., England, has increased and developed its scope of single and multi-position interlacing air jets. The range now consists of 11 different air-jet types, including Detorque, Detorque with interlace and oil dispersion jets. In addition, the company offers a wide range of Interlace jets for the production of all types of continuous filament yarns, ranging from micro-denier yarns up to BCF and industrial applications. Low-noise jet enclosures have also been introduced to enhance the interlacing performances of the multi-position FG2M and FG10M air-jet units, as well as the individual FG4 Jet. Air texturing up to 1,000 m/min: the technology rise Unlike false twist texturing with the speeds of up to 1200 m/mn, the speeds of air texturing until now at about 400 m/mn, in some cases up to 500 m/mn, lagged clearly behind. This made gainful air texturing of fine yarn counts unable to go beyond 100 dtex till now. With the new jet core Series-S. Due to the well-researched geometry of the yarn channel, the speed of airflow through the jet could again be accelerated considerably. Texturing speeds could still be accelerated further because tests with developments in the circumstances close to the process and application of jet cores Series - S proved this. The primary manufacturing speed with Jet Cores S315 for core / effect operation with feeder yarns of dtex 22 - 250, is about 750 m/min, if a post heater is used to relax the unnecessary filament loops. Supplementary hot plates or heated godets before the jet, and a rise in the air pressure up to a maximum of 12 bar, facilitate further rise of the texturing speed up to 1,000 m/min. Yarns from S-cores display equally distributed loop formations and almost no propensity to flames. These yarns create a very smooth fabric look. From the very beginning, the S-Cores have been a hit and are in growing demand. In 1999 their share of Heberlein's total deliveries already reached 35%. S-Jets make possible both higher production speeds and enlargement of range of applications for air-textured yarns. Because of cost reasons, success already emerge in the fine yarn count segment wherein air textured yarns had no opportunity until now. Fashionable yarn mixtures are well recognized for ladies wear, sports wear and specialities for technical applications. Air-textured yarns with ease elasticity made from slightly stretchy feeder yarns are hot topics. Conclusion In the field of air interlacing, jets with better presentation can be anticipated. On one hand, they will fulfil the needs of accelerating process speeds, and on the other hand will take care of escalating process permanence. Opportunities are open for them to minimise a number of extra processing phases. Besides using compressed air, other means like steam will be applied because these will allow the beginning of necessary new consequences. In terms of air jet texturing, it is advisable that faster air texturing machinery will be offered to make use of the high-speed air texturing jets. Other than new machines themselves, supplementary parts like heating and higher compressed air source will have to be used to enable texturing speeds of more than 1,000 m/min. The high suppleness of the air texturing procedure helps individual drive units. Great attempts are exerted to minimise the cost per position, which is more likely with shaft machines, at this time. In the near future the recently reached speed level must be, first of all, converted into practice and process stability must be increased on these machines. Thanks to the high flexibility of the air texturing process with an application range from approx. 22 to 18,000 dtex, and the possibility to process practically all kinds of filament yarns, not to mention the great number of yarn combinations that are possible, further market expansion can be expected. The level of the market increase for air-textured yarns will depend considerably on the development of additional areas of end-uses. Very big, and almost not yet utilized opportunities are in applications with new feeder yarns. Examples of new, strongly progressing yarns are slightly elastic multi-filament yarns, as well as fine filament counts up to dtex 22, that only now have become interesting from a cost point of view, thanks to faster texturing jets. Pre-dominant applications of these yarns are in the areas of hosiery, ladies wear, sports and leisurewear, but also in textile automotive linings.